 | | | 11 pages | | | 01-02-2010 | | |  |
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The objective of this experiment is to measure the current-voltage characteristics of a p-n junction diode and to study the use of such diodes in rectifier circuits. This experiment illustrates the asymmetry and non linearity of the I-V characteristics of the diode and some applications of the diodes which are based on these characteristics.
A diode is a two terminal electric component that conducts electrical current asymmetrically (it conducts current better in one direction than the other). The diode in this experiment is made of a semiconductor (Silicon). Silicon is normally an insulator but it can be turned into a semiconductor through a process called doping (adding impurities to change its electrical properties):
• N-type: phosphorus or arsenic adds an extra electron to the silicon lattice which is unbound and free to move around. Only a small amount of impurity produces enough free electrons for a current to flow through.
• P-type: boron or gallium creates a positive hole in the silicon lattice, which will happily accept an electron moving the hole over one place.
A P-N junction is formed when an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor are joined together in close contact. The junction is a nonconductive layer where electrons and holes cancel each other in a process called recombination. A p-n junction diode can conduct current when connected to an external circuit.
Introduction to Semiconductors and the P-N Junction Diode
Abstract
Introduction and Theory
Figure 1.
1. Half Wave Rectifier
Figure 2.
2. D.C. Power Supply
Figure 3
3. Full-wave Rectifier
Figure 4.
Experimental Method
a. room temperature characteristics
b. value of e/kT
c. steady state conditions
Figure 5.
1. Half Wave Rectifier
2. D.C. Power Supply
3. Full-wave Rectifier
Results and Analysis
Table 1.
Graph 1.
1. Half Wave Rectifier
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
2. D.C. Power Supply
3. Full-wave Rectifier
Figure 8.
Discussions and Conclusions
1. Half Wave Rectifier
2. D.C. Power Supply
3. Full-wave Rectifier
References
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Introduction to Semiconductors and the P-N Junction Diode | 11 pages | | | €9.00 |
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